> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://code.dcycle.io/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# ISO 14064 Tutorial

> Calculate your organization's GHG inventory following ISO 14064 international standards

Learn how to calculate your organization's complete greenhouse gas inventory using the ISO 14064 international standard, the globally recognized framework for quantifying, monitoring, reporting, and verifying GHG emissions.

<Info>
  **Estimated time**: 2 hours

  **What you'll learn**:

  * Understand the ISO 14064 standard structure and requirements
  * Define organizational and operational boundaries
  * Calculate emissions across all six ISO 14064-1 categories
  * Generate ISO 14064-compliant reports for verification
  * Apply appropriate calculation methods and emission factors
</Info>

## Understanding ISO 14064

**ISO 14064** is the international standard for greenhouse gas accounting, published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). It provides a rigorous, transparent framework for organizations to develop credible GHG inventories.

The standard consists of three parts:

```
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                         ISO 14064 STANDARD STRUCTURE                            │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                                                                 │
│  ┌───────────────────────┐  ┌───────────────────────┐  ┌─────────────────────┐  │
│  │     ISO 14064-1       │  │     ISO 14064-2       │  │    ISO 14064-3      │  │
│  │                       │  │                       │  │                     │  │
│  │  Organization Level   │  │    Project Level      │  │    Verification     │  │
│  │  GHG Inventory        │  │    GHG Projects       │  │    & Validation     │  │
│  ├───────────────────────┤  ├───────────────────────┤  ├─────────────────────┤  │
│  │  • Organizational     │  │  • Baseline scenario  │  │  • Verification     │  │
│  │    boundaries         │  │  • Project scenario   │  │    principles       │  │
│  │  • Operational        │  │  • Emission           │  │  • Validation       │  │
│  │    boundaries         │  │    reductions         │  │    requirements     │  │
│  │  • Quantification     │  │  • Monitoring         │  │  • Level of         │  │
│  │  • Reporting          │  │  • Reporting          │  │    assurance        │  │
│  └───────────────────────┘  └───────────────────────┘  └─────────────────────┘  │
│                                                                                 │
│  ◄─── Dcycle API covers ISO 14064-1 requirements for organization GHG ───►     │
│       inventories through automated data collection and calculations           │
│                                                                                 │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
```

<Note>
  **Key ISO 14064-1 Principle: Total Emissions Calculation**

  ISO 14064-1 requires organizations to quantify and report their total GHG emissions using the formula:

  **Total GHG Emissions = Σ (Activity Data × Emission Factor × GWP)**

  Where:

  * **Activity Data**: Quantitative measure of an activity (e.g., fuel consumed, electricity used)
  * **Emission Factor**: GHG emissions per unit of activity
  * **GWP**: Global Warming Potential to convert to CO₂ equivalents
</Note>

## ISO 14064-1 vs GHG Protocol

ISO 14064-1 and the GHG Protocol are complementary standards. Here's how they compare:

| Aspect                   | ISO 14064-1                  | GHG Protocol             |
| ------------------------ | ---------------------------- | ------------------------ |
| **Type**                 | International Standard (ISO) | Corporate Standard       |
| **Scope Classification** | 6 Categories                 | 3 Scopes + 15 Categories |
| **Verification**         | Built-in (Part 3)            | Separate assurance       |
| **Regional Focus**       | Global                       | Global (US origin)       |
| **Certification**        | ISO certification available  | No formal certification  |

<Tip>
  **Dcycle supports both standards!**

  Your data automatically maps to both ISO 14064-1 categories and GHG Protocol scopes, enabling dual reporting compliance.
</Tip>

## By Emission Category

ISO 14064-1 organizes emissions into six categories. Understanding which category your emissions fall into helps with accurate reporting:

### Category 1: Direct GHG Emissions

Direct emissions from sources owned or controlled by your organization.

<AccordionGroup>
  <Accordion title="Stationary Combustion">
    **API**: Facilities & Invoices `LEGACY`

    **Use for**: Boilers, furnaces, generators, heating systems

    **Data needed**: Fuel type, quantity consumed, facility location

    [Category 1 Tutorial →](/guides/emissions/iso-14064-category-1-direct-emissions#stationary-combustion)
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Mobile Combustion">
    **API**: Vehicles & Vehicle Consumptions `NEW API (Recommended)`

    **Use for**: Fleet vehicles, delivery trucks, forklifts, ships

    **Data needed**: Fuel type, quantity, vehicle specifications

    [Category 1 Tutorial →](/guides/emissions/iso-14064-category-1-direct-emissions#mobile-combustion)
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Process Emissions">
    **API**: Custom Emission Factors `LEGACY`

    **Use for**: Chemical reactions, industrial processes, cement production

    **Data needed**: Process type, production quantities, emission factors

    [Category 1 Tutorial →](/guides/emissions/iso-14064-category-1-direct-emissions#process-emissions)
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Fugitive Emissions">
    **API**: Custom Emission Factors `LEGACY`

    **Use for**: Refrigerant leaks, gas pipelines, SF₆ equipment

    **Data needed**: Equipment type, refrigerant quantities, leak rates

    [Category 1 Tutorial →](/guides/emissions/iso-14064-category-1-direct-emissions#fugitive-emissions)
  </Accordion>
</AccordionGroup>

### Category 2: Indirect GHG Emissions from Imported Energy

Emissions from generation of purchased electricity, heat, steam, or cooling.

<AccordionGroup>
  <Accordion title="Purchased Electricity">
    **API**: Invoices `LEGACY`

    **Use for**: Office buildings, warehouses, factories, data centers

    **Data needed**: kWh consumed, grid location, supplier details

    [Category 2 Tutorial →](/guides/emissions/iso-14064-category-2-indirect-energy#purchased-electricity)
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Purchased Heat & Steam">
    **API**: Invoices `LEGACY`

    **Use for**: District heating, industrial steam purchases

    **Data needed**: Energy consumed (kWh or MJ), supplier

    [Category 2 Tutorial →](/guides/emissions/iso-14064-category-2-indirect-energy#purchased-heat-steam)
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Purchased Cooling">
    **API**: Invoices `LEGACY`

    **Use for**: District cooling, chilled water systems

    **Data needed**: Cooling energy consumed, supplier

    [Category 2 Tutorial →](/guides/emissions/iso-14064-category-2-indirect-energy#purchased-cooling)
  </Accordion>
</AccordionGroup>

### Category 3: Indirect GHG Emissions from Transportation

Emissions from transportation of materials, products, waste, and people.

<AccordionGroup>
  <Accordion title="Business Travel">
    **API**: Business Travels `NEW API (Recommended)`

    **Use for**: Flights, rail travel, car rentals, hotel stays

    **Data needed**: Origin, destination, travel mode, class

    [Category 3 Tutorial →](/guides/emissions/iso-14064-category-3-transportation#business-travel)
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Employee Commuting">
    **API**: Employees & Commuting Periods `NEW API (Recommended)`

    **Use for**: Daily commutes, remote work patterns

    **Data needed**: Distance, transport mode, working days

    [Category 3 Tutorial →](/guides/emissions/iso-14064-category-3-transportation#employee-commuting)
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Upstream Transportation">
    **API**: Transport `LEGACY`

    **Use for**: Inbound freight, supplier deliveries

    **Data needed**: Origin, destination, weight, transport mode

    [Category 3 Tutorial →](/guides/emissions/iso-14064-category-3-transportation#upstream-transportation)
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Downstream Transportation">
    **API**: Transport `LEGACY`

    **Use for**: Outbound freight, customer deliveries

    **Data needed**: Origin, destination, weight, transport mode

    [Category 3 Tutorial →](/guides/emissions/iso-14064-category-3-transportation#downstream-transportation)
  </Accordion>
</AccordionGroup>

### Category 4: Indirect GHG Emissions from Products Used

Emissions from products and services purchased or acquired by the organization.

<AccordionGroup>
  <Accordion title="Purchased Goods & Services">
    **API**: Purchases `NEW API (Recommended)`

    **Use for**: Raw materials, components, office supplies, services

    **Data needed**: Product category, quantity or spend, supplier

    [Category 4 Tutorial →](/guides/emissions/iso-14064-category-4-products-used#purchased-goods)
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Capital Goods">
    **API**: Purchases `NEW API (Recommended)`

    **Use for**: Machinery, equipment, buildings, vehicles (as assets)

    **Data needed**: Asset type, purchase value, lifetime

    [Category 4 Tutorial →](/guides/emissions/iso-14064-category-4-products-used#capital-goods)
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Waste Generated">
    **API**: Wastes `LEGACY`

    **Use for**: Recycling, landfill, incineration, composting

    **Data needed**: Waste type, quantity, disposal method

    [Category 4 Tutorial →](/guides/emissions/iso-14064-category-4-products-used#waste-generated)
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Upstream Leased Assets">
    **API**: Custom Emission Factors `LEGACY`

    **Use for**: Leased facilities, equipment, vehicles

    **Data needed**: Asset type, energy consumption

    [Category 4 Tutorial →](/guides/emissions/iso-14064-category-4-products-used#upstream-leased-assets)
  </Accordion>
</AccordionGroup>

### Category 5: Indirect GHG Emissions from Use of Products

Emissions from the use of products and services sold or provided by the organization.

<AccordionGroup>
  <Accordion title="Use of Sold Products">
    **API**: Custom Emission Factors `LEGACY`

    **Use for**: Energy-consuming products, vehicles sold, appliances

    **Data needed**: Product type, energy consumption, lifetime use

    [Category 5 Tutorial →](/guides/emissions/iso-14064-category-5-products-sold#use-of-sold-products)
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Downstream Leased Assets">
    **API**: Custom Emission Factors `LEGACY`

    **Use for**: Assets leased to customers

    **Data needed**: Asset type, lessee energy consumption

    [Category 5 Tutorial →](/guides/emissions/iso-14064-category-5-products-sold#downstream-leased-assets)
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Franchises">
    **API**: Custom Emission Factors `LEGACY`

    **Use for**: Franchise operations emissions

    **Data needed**: Franchise locations, energy data

    [Category 5 Tutorial →](/guides/emissions/iso-14064-category-5-products-sold#franchises)
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Investments">
    **API**: Custom Emission Factors `LEGACY`

    **Use for**: Equity investments, project finance

    **Data needed**: Investment type, investee emissions

    [Category 5 Tutorial →](/guides/emissions/iso-14064-category-5-products-sold#investments)
  </Accordion>
</AccordionGroup>

### Category 6: Indirect GHG Emissions from Other Sources

Any other indirect emissions not covered in Categories 1-5.

<AccordionGroup>
  <Accordion title="End-of-Life Treatment">
    **API**: Custom Emission Factors `LEGACY`

    **Use for**: Product disposal, recycling, incineration

    **Data needed**: Product type, disposal method, quantities

    [Category 6 Tutorial →](/guides/emissions/iso-14064-category-6-other-sources#end-of-life-treatment)
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Processing of Sold Products">
    **API**: Custom Emission Factors `LEGACY`

    **Use for**: Third-party processing of intermediate products

    **Data needed**: Processing type, quantities, energy use

    [Category 6 Tutorial →](/guides/emissions/iso-14064-category-6-other-sources#processing-of-sold-products)
  </Accordion>
</AccordionGroup>

## Tutorial Steps

Follow these steps to build your complete ISO 14064-1 compliant GHG inventory:

<CardGroup cols={2}>
  <Card title="Category 1: Direct Emissions" icon="fire" href="/guides/emissions/iso-14064-category-1-direct-emissions">
    Quantify emissions from sources you own or control
  </Card>

  <Card title="Category 2: Imported Energy" icon="bolt" href="/guides/emissions/iso-14064-category-2-indirect-energy">
    Track emissions from purchased electricity, heat, and cooling
  </Card>

  <Card title="Category 3: Transportation" icon="truck" href="/guides/emissions/iso-14064-category-3-transportation">
    Calculate emissions from transportation activities
  </Card>

  <Card title="Category 4: Products Used" icon="box" href="/guides/emissions/iso-14064-category-4-products-used">
    Measure emissions from purchased goods and services
  </Card>

  <Card title="Category 5: Products Sold" icon="store" href="/guides/emissions/iso-14064-category-5-products-sold">
    Account for emissions from product use by customers
  </Card>

  <Card title="Category 6: Other Sources" icon="ellipsis" href="/guides/emissions/iso-14064-category-6-other-sources">
    Capture remaining indirect emission sources
  </Card>
</CardGroup>

## ISO 14064-1 Mapping to Dcycle

| ISO 14064-1 Category                          | Dcycle API                  | GHG Protocol Equivalent          |
| --------------------------------------------- | --------------------------- | -------------------------------- |
| **Category 1**: Direct GHG emissions          | Vehicles, Facilities        | Scope 1                          |
| **Category 2**: Indirect from imported energy | Invoices                    | Scope 2                          |
| **Category 3**: Indirect from transportation  | Business Travels, Transport | Scope 3 (Cat 4, 6, 7, 9)         |
| **Category 4**: Indirect from products used   | Purchases, Wastes           | Scope 3 (Cat 1, 2, 3, 5, 8)      |
| **Category 5**: Indirect from use of products | Custom Emission Factors     | Scope 3 (Cat 10, 11, 13, 14, 15) |
| **Category 6**: Indirect from other sources   | Custom Emission Factors     | Scope 3 (Cat 12)                 |

<Note>
  **Automatic Category Classification**

  You don't need to manually classify emissions. Dcycle automatically maps your data to both ISO 14064-1 categories and GHG Protocol scopes based on the emission source type.
</Note>

## Consolidation Approaches

ISO 14064-1 requires organizations to select a consolidation approach for defining organizational boundaries:

<Tabs>
  <Tab title="Operational Control">
    Account for **100% of emissions** from operations where you have operational control.

    ```
    Parent Company
          │
          ├── [100%] Owned Facility → Report 100% emissions
          │
          ├── [60%] Joint Venture (with control) → Report 100% emissions
          │
          └── [40%] Joint Venture (no control) → Report 0% emissions
    ```

    **Best for:** Most organizations, especially those with complex ownership structures.

    <Tip>
      Dcycle uses Operational Control by default.
    </Tip>
  </Tab>

  <Tab title="Financial Control">
    Account for **100% of emissions** from operations where you have financial control.

    ```
    Parent Company
          │
          ├── [100%] Wholly Owned Sub → Report 100% emissions
          │
          ├── [60%] Majority Ownership → Report 100% emissions
          │
          └── [40%] Minority Investment → Report 0% emissions
    ```

    **Best for:** Organizations needing alignment with financial reporting.
  </Tab>

  <Tab title="Equity Share">
    Account for emissions **proportional to your ownership stake**.

    ```
    Parent Company
          │
          ├── [100%] Wholly Owned Sub → Report 100% emissions
          │
          ├── [60%] Joint Venture → Report 60% of emissions
          │
          └── [40%] Minority Investment → Report 40% of emissions
    ```

    **Best for:** Investment portfolios, financial institutions.
  </Tab>
</Tabs>

## Reporting Requirements

ISO 14064-1 specifies mandatory reporting elements for GHG inventories:

<AccordionGroup>
  <Accordion title="Mandatory Reporting Elements">
    Your GHG report must include:

    1. **Organization description** - Name, boundaries, consolidation approach
    2. **Reporting period** - Base year, current reporting year
    3. **Organizational boundaries** - Entities included, ownership shares
    4. **Operational boundaries** - Categories included, exclusions justified
    5. **Quantified GHG emissions** - By category, by gas, total CO₂e
    6. **Emission factors** - Sources, version dates, GWP values used
    7. **Uncertainty assessment** - Qualitative or quantitative
    8. **Verification statement** - If third-party verified
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="GWP Values">
    Dcycle uses IPCC AR6 (Sixth Assessment Report, 2021) Global Warming Potential values:

    | Gas            | Chemical Formula | 100-year GWP |
    | -------------- | ---------------- | ------------ |
    | Carbon Dioxide | CO₂              | 1.00         |
    | Methane        | CH₄              | 27.90        |
    | Nitrous Oxide  | N₂O              | 273.00       |
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Verification (ISO 14064-3)">
    For third-party verification, Dcycle provides:

    * **Audit trails** for all data entries
    * **Emission factor documentation** with sources
    * **Methodology descriptions** for calculations
    * **Export formats** compatible with verifiers
  </Accordion>
</AccordionGroup>

## Get Started

Ready to build your ISO 14064-1 compliant GHG inventory? Start with Category 1:

<Card title="Begin with Category 1: Direct Emissions" icon="arrow-right" href="/guides/emissions/iso-14064-category-1-direct-emissions">
  Start by quantifying your direct GHG emissions from owned or controlled sources
</Card>