Category 1: Direct GHG Emissions

Understanding Direct GHG Emissions

Category 1 under ISO 14064-1 covers direct GHG emissions from sources that are owned or controlled by your organization. These emissions occur from sources within your organizational boundary where you have operational or financial control.

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                    CATEGORY 1: DIRECT GHG EMISSIONS                             │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                                                                 │
│  ┌─────────────────────┐  ┌─────────────────────┐  ┌─────────────────────────┐  │
│  │ STATIONARY          │  │ MOBILE              │  │ PROCESS &               │  │
│  │ COMBUSTION          │  │ COMBUSTION          │  │ FUGITIVE                │  │
│  ├─────────────────────┤  ├─────────────────────┤  ├─────────────────────────┤  │
│  │ • Boilers           │  │ • Company vehicles  │  │ • Industrial processes  │  │
│  │ • Furnaces          │  │ • Delivery trucks   │  │ • Chemical reactions    │  │
│  │ • Generators        │  │ • Forklifts         │  │ • Refrigerant leaks     │  │
│  │ • Heating systems   │  │ • Ships & aircraft  │  │ • Gas pipeline leaks    │  │
│  └─────────────────────┘  └─────────────────────┘  └─────────────────────────┘  │
│                                                                                 │
│                    All sources OWNED or CONTROLLED by your organization         │
│                                                                                 │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Direct Emission FormulaDirect GHG Emissions = Fuel Consumed × Emission Factor × GWPWhere:

Fuel Consumed: Amount of fuel burned (liters, m³, kg)
Emission Factor: kg CO₂e per unit of fuel
GWP: Global Warming Potential (for non-CO₂ gases)

Prerequisites

Before starting, ensure you have:

Dcycle API credentials (get them here)
List of all fuel-consuming equipment and vehicles
Fuel consumption records (invoices, meter readings, fuel cards)
Refrigerant inventory and recharge records

Using the Dcycle App?You can also track direct emissions through our web interface:

Vehicles - Register and track fleet vehicles
Facilities - Configure stationary combustion sources

Data Map: Category 1 Requirements

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                      CATEGORY 1 DATA REQUIREMENTS                                       │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                                                                         │
│  ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐   │
│  │ MOBILE COMBUSTION                                                               │   │
│  ├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤   │
│  │                                                                                 │   │
│  │  Vehicle Registration      Fuel Consumption          Activity Period            │   │
│  │  ─────────────────────     ────────────────          ───────────────            │   │
│  │  • Vehicle name/ID         • Fuel type               • Start date               │   │
│  │  • License plate           • Quantity (liters)       • End date                 │   │
│  │  • Vehicle type            • Cost (optional)        • Reporting year           │   │
│  │  • Fuel type                                                                    │   │
│  │                                                                                 │   │
│  └─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘   │
│                                                                                         │
│  ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐   │
│  │ STATIONARY COMBUSTION                                                           │   │
│  ├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤   │
│  │                                                                                 │   │
│  │  Facility Info             Fuel Invoices             Equipment Details          │   │
│  │  ────────────────          ─────────────             ─────────────────          │   │
│  │  • Facility name           • Fuel type               • Boiler capacity          │   │
│  │  • Location/country        • Quantity consumed       • Generator rating         │   │
│  │  • Facility type           • Invoice period          • Furnace specifications   │   │
│  │                            • Supplier                                           │   │
│  │                                                                                 │   │
│  └─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘   │
│                                                                                         │
│  ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐   │
│  │ FUGITIVE EMISSIONS                                                              │   │
│  ├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤   │
│  │                                                                                 │   │
│  │  Equipment Inventory       Refrigerant Data          Leak Records               │   │
│  │  ───────────────────       ────────────────          ────────────               │   │
│  │  • Equipment type          • Refrigerant type        • Leak detection dates     │   │
│  │  • Equipment count         • Charge amount (kg)      • Quantities lost          │   │
│  │  • Location                • Recharge records        • Repair records           │   │
│  │                                                                                 │   │
│  └─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘   │
│                                                                                         │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Mobile Combustion

Track emissions from company-owned or controlled vehicles, including fleet cars, delivery trucks, forklifts, ships, and aircraft.

Step 1: Register Vehicles

📋 Data Map: Vehicle Registration

Field	Type	Required	Description	Example
`name`	string	✅	Vehicle identifier	`"Delivery Van 001"`
`plate`	string	✅	License plate number	`"ABC-1234"`
`vehicle_type`	string	✅	Type of vehicle	`"van"`, `"truck"`, `"car"`
`fuel_type`	string	✅	Primary fuel type	`"diesel"`, `"gasoline"`, `"lpg"`
`ownership_type`	string	✅	Ownership status	`"owned"`, `"leased"`
`year`	number	❌	Vehicle manufacture year	`2022`
`brand`	string	❌	Vehicle brand	`"Ford"`
`model`	string	❌	Vehicle model	`"Transit"`

Where to get this data:

Vehicle details: Fleet management system, vehicle registration documents
Fuel type: Vehicle specifications, fuel cards

import requests
import os

headers = {
    "Authorization": f"Bearer {os.getenv('DCYCLE_API_KEY')}",
    "Content-Type": "application/json",
    "x-organization-id": os.getenv("DCYCLE_ORG_ID"),
    "x-user-id": os.getenv("DCYCLE_USER_ID"),
}

# Register a company vehicle
vehicle_data = {
    "name": "Delivery Van 001",
    "plate": "ABC-1234",
    "vehicle_type": "van",
    "fuel_type": "diesel",
    "ownership_type": "owned",
    "year": 2022,
    "brand": "Ford",
    "model": "Transit",
}

response = requests.post(
    "https://api.dcycle.io/v1/vehicles",
    headers=headers,
    json=vehicle_data,
)

vehicle = response.json()
print(f"✅ Vehicle registered: {vehicle['id']}")
print(f"   Name: {vehicle['name']}")
print(f"   Fuel type: {vehicle['fuel_type']}")

const axios = require('axios');

const headers = {
  Authorization: `Bearer ${process.env.DCYCLE_API_KEY}`,
  'Content-Type': 'application/json',
  'x-organization-id': process.env.DCYCLE_ORG_ID,
  'x-user-id': process.env.DCYCLE_USER_ID,
};

// Register a company vehicle
const vehicleData = {
  name: 'Delivery Van 001',
  plate: 'ABC-1234',
  vehicle_type: 'van',
  fuel_type: 'diesel',
  ownership_type: 'owned',
  year: 2022,
  brand: 'Ford',
  model: 'Transit',
};

const response = await axios.post(
  'https://api.dcycle.io/v1/vehicles',
  vehicleData,
  { headers }
);

const vehicle = response.data;
console.log(`✅ Vehicle registered: ${vehicle.id}`);
console.log(`   Name: ${vehicle.name}`);
console.log(`   Fuel type: ${vehicle.fuel_type}`);

Step 2: Record Fuel Consumption

📋 Data Map: Fuel Consumption

Field	Type	Required	Description	Example
`vehicle_id`	UUID	✅	Reference to registered vehicle	`"abc-123-..."`
`fuel_type`	string	✅	Type of fuel consumed	`"diesel"`
`quantity`	number	✅	Amount of fuel	`500`
`unit`	string	✅	Unit of measurement	`"liters"`
`start_date`	date	✅	Period start	`"2024-01-01"`
`end_date`	date	✅	Period end	`"2024-01-31"`

Where to get this data:

Fuel quantity: Fuel cards, receipts, fleet management systems
Dates: Reporting period aligned with ISO 14064-1 requirements

# Record monthly fuel consumption for a vehicle
consumption_data = {
    "vehicle_id": vehicle["id"],
    "fuel_type": "diesel",
    "quantity": 500,
    "unit": "liters",
    "start_date": "2024-01-01",
    "end_date": "2024-01-31",
}

response = requests.post(
    "https://api.dcycle.io/v1/vehicle-consumptions",
    headers=headers,
    json=consumption_data,
)

consumption = response.json()
print(f"✅ Fuel consumption recorded: {consumption['id']}")
print(f"   Fuel: {consumption['quantity']} {consumption['unit']} of {consumption['fuel_type']}")
print(f"   CO₂e: {consumption['co2e']} kg")
print(f"   ISO 14064-1 Category: 1 (Direct GHG emissions)")

// Record monthly fuel consumption for a vehicle
const consumptionData = {
  vehicle_id: vehicle.id,
  fuel_type: 'diesel',
  quantity: 500,
  unit: 'liters',
  start_date: '2024-01-01',
  end_date: '2024-01-31',
};

const consumptionResponse = await axios.post(
  'https://api.dcycle.io/v1/vehicle-consumptions',
  consumptionData,
  { headers }
);

const consumption = consumptionResponse.data;
console.log(`✅ Fuel consumption recorded: ${consumption.id}`);
console.log(`   Fuel: ${consumption.quantity} ${consumption.unit} of ${consumption.fuel_type}`);
console.log(`   CO₂e: ${consumption.co2e} kg`);
console.log(`   ISO 14064-1 Category: 1 (Direct GHG emissions)`);

Bulk Upload for Large FleetsFor organizations with many vehicles, use bulk upload via CSV:

vehicle_name,plate,fuel_type,quantity,unit,start_date,end_date
Van 001,ABC-1234,diesel,500,liters,2024-01-01,2024-01-31
Truck 002,XYZ-5678,diesel,1200,liters,2024-01-01,2024-01-31
Car 003,DEF-9012,gasoline,150,liters,2024-01-01,2024-01-31

Stationary Combustion

Track emissions from fuel combustion in stationary equipment like boilers, furnaces, and generators.

Step 1: Configure Facility

📋 Data Map: Facility Configuration

Field	Type	Required	Description	Example
`name`	string	✅	Facility name	`"Main Factory"`
`country`	string	✅	Country code	`"ES"`
`facility_type`	string	✅	Type of facility	`"factory"`, `"office"`, `"warehouse"`

Where to get this data:

Facility details: Property records, lease agreements

# Get your facilities
response = requests.get(
    "https://api.dcycle.io/v1/facilities",
    headers=headers,
).json()

print(f"📋 Your facilities:")
for facility in response["items"]:
    print(f"   - {facility['name']} ({facility['country']})")
    print(f"     ID: {facility['id']}")

Step 2: Record Fuel Invoices

📋 Data Map: Stationary Fuel Invoice

Field	Type	Required	Description	Example
`facility_id`	UUID	✅	Reference to facility	`"abc-123-..."`
`fuel_type`	string	✅	Type of fuel	`"natural_gas"`, `"diesel"`, `"lpg"`
`quantity`	number	✅	Amount consumed	`5000`
`unit`	string	✅	Unit of measurement	`"m3"`, `"kWh"`, `"liters"`
`start_date`	date	✅	Invoice period start	`"2024-01-01"`
`end_date`	date	✅	Invoice period end	`"2024-01-31"`

Where to get this data:

Fuel consumption: Utility invoices, meter readings
Supplier details: Invoice headers, contracts

# Record natural gas consumption for heating
fuel_invoice = {
    "facility_id": "your-facility-uuid",
    "fuel_type": "natural_gas",
    "quantity": 5000,
    "unit": "m3",
    "start_date": "2024-01-01",
    "end_date": "2024-01-31",
}

response = requests.post(
    "https://api.dcycle.io/v1/invoices",
    headers=headers,
    json=fuel_invoice,
)

invoice = response.json()
print(f"✅ Fuel invoice recorded: {invoice['id']}")
print(f"   Natural gas: {invoice['quantity']} m³")
print(f"   CO₂e: {invoice['co2e']} kg")
print(f"   ISO 14064-1 Category: 1 (Direct GHG emissions)")

// Record natural gas consumption for heating
const fuelInvoice = {
  facility_id: 'your-facility-uuid',
  fuel_type: 'natural_gas',
  quantity: 5000,
  unit: 'm3',
  start_date: '2024-01-01',
  end_date: '2024-01-31',
};

const invoiceResponse = await axios.post(
  'https://api.dcycle.io/v1/invoices',
  fuelInvoice,
  { headers }
);

const invoice = invoiceResponse.data;
console.log(`✅ Fuel invoice recorded: ${invoice.id}`);
console.log(`   Natural gas: ${invoice.quantity} m³`);
console.log(`   CO₂e: ${invoice.co2e} kg`);
console.log(`   ISO 14064-1 Category: 1 (Direct GHG emissions)`);

Process Emissions

Track emissions from industrial processes and chemical reactions (e.g., cement production, chemical manufacturing).

Industry-Specific EmissionsProcess emissions vary significantly by industry:

Cement: Cite calcination of limestone
Chemicals: Chemical reactions producing GHGs
Metals: Reduction processes, electrode consumption

Use Custom Emission Factors for accurate process emission calculations.

# Record process emissions using custom emission factors
process_emission = {
    "emission_group_id": "your-process-emission-group-id",
    "quantity": 10000,  # e.g., tonnes of cement produced
    "unit": "tonnes",
    "date": "2024-01-31",
    "description": "Cement clinker production",
}

response = requests.post(
    "https://api.dcycle.io/v1/custom-emissions",
    headers=headers,
    json=process_emission,
)

emission = response.json()
print(f"✅ Process emission recorded: {emission['id']}")
print(f"   CO₂e: {emission['co2e']} kg")
print(f"   ISO 14064-1 Category: 1 (Direct GHG emissions - Process)")

Fugitive Emissions

Track emissions from unintentional releases, particularly refrigerant leaks from cooling equipment.

📋 Data Map: Fugitive Emissions

Field	Type	Required	Description	Example
`refrigerant_type`	string	✅	Refrigerant used	`"R-134a"`, `"R-410A"`, `"R-22"`
`quantity_lost`	number	✅	Amount leaked/recharged	`5`
`unit`	string	✅	Unit of measurement	`"kg"`
`date`	date	✅	Date of leak/recharge	`"2024-03-15"`

Where to get this data:

Refrigerant data: Service records, recharge invoices

# Record refrigerant leak/recharge
fugitive_emission = {
    "emission_group_id": "refrigerant-emissions-group-id",
    "refrigerant_type": "R-134a",
    "quantity": 5,  # kg of refrigerant recharged
    "unit": "kg",
    "date": "2024-03-15",
    "description": "AC unit recharge - Building A",
}

response = requests.post(
    "https://api.dcycle.io/v1/custom-emissions",
    headers=headers,
    json=fugitive_emission,
)

emission = response.json()
print(f"✅ Fugitive emission recorded: {emission['id']}")
print(f"   Refrigerant: {fugitive_emission['quantity']} kg R-134a")
print(f"   CO₂e: {emission['co2e']} kg")
print(f"   ISO 14064-1 Category: 1 (Direct GHG emissions - Fugitive)")

Refrigerant GWP ValuesRefrigerants have very high GWP values. Common refrigerants:

Refrigerant	GWP (100-year)
R-134a	1,530
R-410A	2,256
HFC-143	364

Even small leaks can result in significant CO₂e emissions.

Query Category 1 Emissions

Retrieve all your direct emissions for reporting:

# Get Category 1 emissions summary
response = requests.get(
    f"https://api.dcycle.io/v1/organizations/{os.getenv('DCYCLE_ORG_ID')}/emissions",
    headers=headers,
    params={
        "year": 2024,
        "category": "direct",  # ISO 14064-1 Category 1
    },
).json()

print(f"📊 Category 1: Direct GHG Emissions (2024)")
print(f"")
print(f"   Mobile Combustion: {response['mobile_combustion']:,.0f} kg CO₂e")
print(f"   Stationary Combustion: {response['stationary_combustion']:,.0f} kg CO₂e")
print(f"   Process Emissions: {response['process']:,.0f} kg CO₂e")
print(f"   Fugitive Emissions: {response['fugitive']:,.0f} kg CO₂e")
print(f"   ─────────────────────────")
print(f"   TOTAL CATEGORY 1: {response['total']:,.0f} kg CO₂e")

Emission Factors

Stationary Combustion Calculation Methods by Country

Dcycle automatically applies the appropriate calculation methodology based on your facility’s country:

Spain (MITECO)
Other Countries (GHG Protocol)

For facilities located in Spain, Dcycle uses emission factors from MITECO (Ministerio para la Transición Ecológica y el Reto Demográfico).

Facility (ES) → Invoice → MITECO Emission Factors → CO₂e
      ↓              ↓                ↓                ↓
  Country: ES    Fuel type     Spanish-specific    Compliant with
                 + quantity    factors by year     Spanish regulations

Key characteristics:

Emission factors specific to Spain, updated annually
Fuel types mapped to MITECO categories (e.g., natural_gas, gas_oil_b, lpg)
Required for Spanish regulatory compliance (ISO 14064, EINF)
Includes factors for CO₂, CH₄, and N₂O

Access MITECO emission factors here.

Emission Factor Sources - Spain (MITECO)

For Spanish facilities, Dcycle uses emission factors from:

MITECO (Ministerio para la Transición Ecológica y el Reto Demográfico)
Updated annually with Spanish-specific factors
Source: Factores de emisión

Factors are automatically selected based on:

Fuel type (mapped to MITECO categories)
Unit of measurement
Invoice year

Calculation Details - Spain (MITECO)

For Spanish facilities, stationary combustion emissions are calculated as:CO₂e = Fuel Quantity × (EF_CO₂ × GWP_CO₂ + EF_CH₄ × GWP_CH₄ + EF_N₂O × GWP_N₂O)Where:

Fuel Quantity: Amount consumed (liters, m³, kg, kWh)
EF_XXX: MITECO emission factor for the specific GHG gas (CO₂, CH₄, N₂O) and fuel, unit, and year
GWP_XXX: Global Warming Potential for the specific GHG gas (CO₂, CH₄, N₂O) (IPCC AR6 GWP values)

Example (Natural Gas):

5,000 KWH × (0.182 kg CO₂/KWH x 1 + 0.000016 kg CH₄/KWH x 27.9 + 0.000000 kg N₂O/KWH x 273) = 912.23 kg CO₂e

For facilities in any other country, Dcycle uses emission factors from the IPCC/GHG Protocol database.

Facility (non-ES) → Invoice → IPCC Emission Factors → CO₂e
      ↓                 ↓                ↓                ↓
  Country: XX       Fuel type     Global default      GHG Protocol
                    + quantity    factors (IPCC)      compliant

Key characteristics:

IPCC-based emission factors (globally recognized)
Fuel types follow GHG Protocol naming conventions
Compatible with international reporting standards
Includes Net Calorific Value (NCV) calculations

Access GHG Protocol emission factors here.

Emission Factor Sources - Other Countries (GHG Protocol)

For non-Spanish facilities, Dcycle uses emission factors from:

IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change)
GHG Protocol Stationary Combustion Tool
Source: GHG Protocol Calculation Tools

Factors are automatically selected based on:

Fuel type (GHG Protocol naming conventions)
Net Calorific Value (NCV) of the fuel
Country-specific adjustments where available

Calculation Details - Other Countries (GHG Protocol)

For non-Spanish facilities, stationary combustion emissions follow the GHG Protocol methodology:CO₂e = Fuel Quantity × Density × NCV × EF_IPCC × GWPWhere:

Fuel Quantity: Amount consumed (converted to mass in Gg)
Density: Density of the fuel
NCV: Net Calorific Value (TJ/Gg) - energy content per unit mass
EF_IPCC: IPCC emission factor (kg gas/TJ)
GWP_XXX: Global Warming Potential for the specific GHG gas (CO₂, CH₄, N₂O) (IPCC AR6 GWP values)

The calculation process:

Convert fuel quantity to energy (TJ) using NCV
Apply emission factors for CO₂, CH₄, and N₂O
Convert each gas to CO₂e using GWP factors
Sum all gases for total CO₂e

Example (Natural Gas):

Step 1: 5,000 m³ × 0.7 kg/m³ (density) *0.001 (to convert to Gg)→ mass in Gg
Step 2: mass × 48.0 TJ/Gg (NCV) → energy in TJ
Step 3: energy × 56,100 kg CO₂/TJ → CO₂ emissions
Step 4: Add CH₄ and N₂O contributions and convert to CO₂e using GWP factors → total CO₂e

Automatic Method SelectionYou don’t need to specify which calculation method to use. Dcycle automatically detects the facility’s country and applies the correct emission factors:

country: "ES" → MITECO factors
Any other country → GHG Protocol/IPCC factors

Mobile Combustion Emission Factors

Emission Factor Sources

Dcycle uses country-specific emission factors from:

DEFRA (UK Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs) Coming soon!
MITECO (Spanish Ministry for Ecological Transition)

Factors are automatically selected based on vehicle country and fuel type.

Calculation Details

Mobile combustion emissions are calculated as:CO₂e = Fuel Quantity × (EF_CO₂ × GWP_CO₂ + EF_CH₄ × GWP_CH₄ + EF_N₂O × GWP_N₂O)Where emission factors (EF) are specific to:

Fuel type (diesel, petrol, LPG, etc.)
Vehicle type (passenger car, light truck, heavy truck)
Country (regional emission factors)
Unit (liters, kilometers, etc.)

Fugitive Emission Factors

Refrigerant GWP Values

Dcycle uses GWP values from IPCC AR6 (2021) for refrigerants.Note: Core GHG gases use AR6 values: CO₂ = 1.00, CH₄ = 27.90, N₂O = 273.00

Calculation Details

Fugitive emissions from refrigerant leaks are calculated as:CO₂e = Refrigerant Quantity × GWPWhere:

Refrigerant Quantity: Amount leaked or recharged (kg)
GWP: Global Warming Potential for the specific refrigerant (IPCC AR6 values)

Best Practices

ISO 14064-1 Category 1 Best Practices

Complete inventory: Identify ALL direct emission sources before data collection
Consistent boundaries: Apply same organizational boundary throughout
Activity data quality: Use metered data when possible over estimates
Document assumptions: Record any estimates or proxies used
Regular updates: Track emissions monthly for better accuracy

Calculate Emissions

ISO 14064

GHG Protocol

GLEC v3.0 Framework

Use Case Tutorials

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)

Own Workforce (Social Data)

ISO 14001 Management Systems

Advanced

Automation & AI

Understanding Direct GHG Emissions

Prerequisites

Data Map: Category 1 Requirements

Mobile Combustion

Step 1: Register Vehicles

Step 2: Record Fuel Consumption

Stationary Combustion

Step 1: Configure Facility

Step 2: Record Fuel Invoices

Process Emissions

Fugitive Emissions

Query Category 1 Emissions

Emission Factors

Stationary Combustion Calculation Methods by Country

Mobile Combustion Emission Factors

Fugitive Emission Factors

Best Practices

Next Steps

Category 2: Imported Energy

Back to ISO 14064 Tutorial

​Understanding Direct GHG Emissions

​Prerequisites

​Data Map: Category 1 Requirements

​Mobile Combustion

​Step 1: Register Vehicles

​Step 2: Record Fuel Consumption

​Stationary Combustion

​Step 1: Configure Facility

​Step 2: Record Fuel Invoices

​Process Emissions

​Fugitive Emissions

​Query Category 1 Emissions

​Emission Factors

​Stationary Combustion Calculation Methods by Country

​Mobile Combustion Emission Factors

​Fugitive Emission Factors

​Best Practices

​Next Steps

Category 2: Imported Energy

Back to ISO 14064 Tutorial

Understanding Direct GHG Emissions

Prerequisites

Data Map: Category 1 Requirements

Mobile Combustion

Step 1: Register Vehicles

Step 2: Record Fuel Consumption

Stationary Combustion

Step 1: Configure Facility

Step 2: Record Fuel Invoices

Process Emissions

Fugitive Emissions

Query Category 1 Emissions

Emission Factors

Stationary Combustion Calculation Methods by Country

Mobile Combustion Emission Factors

Fugitive Emission Factors

Best Practices

Next Steps